Electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) is an electrographic pattern in which epileptiform activity is dramatically activated by sleep. The classic measure used to identify ESES is the spike-wave index expressed as a percentage. However, there is disagreement on the best way to quantify the sleep-activated epileptiform activity and the portion of sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) used for spike-wave index calculations. In a recent study, researchers from Nationwide Children’s demonstrated that the spike-wave index of the first 100 seconds of sleep can be a reliable tool for the diagnosis of ESES.

Read more about the study at Pediatrics Nationwide: A More Efficient Method for Diagnosing Electrical Status Epilepticus in Sleep?

How does one's social life impact their brain? A study of free-ranging monkeys points to links between sociality and the size of specific brain areas.

Read more at my Animal Minds blog: The Social Brains of Primates.

Tardigrades are miniscule aquatic animals, only about the size of the period at the end of this sentence. Yet they are renowned for their ability to survive a number of punishing physical extremes.

Now, scientists studying tardigrades are beginning to uncover the secrets of their super survival skills. In the process, they are discovering unique biological mechanisms that may help solve real-world, human health problems. 

Read my latest story for IEEE Pulse: Clues for Health and Longevity Lie in Tiny Tardigrades.

In a new study, researchers from Nationwide Children’s show that in a mouse model simulating human respiratory viral infection, pre-existing allergic disease prevents the development of asthma following viral infection. Further experiments revealed that this protection against post-viral asthma depends on neutrophils and the cytokine interleukin 4 (IL-4).

Read more at Pediatrics Nationwide: How Does Allergic Disease Protect Against Developing Asthma After Viral Infection?

Echolocation allows bats to navigate in complete darkness. Yet, some bats also have keen eyesight. A new study shows that even in broad daylight, Egyptian fruit bats continue to use echolocation to aid obstacle avoidance while flying.

Read more about daytime echolocation at my Animal Minds blog: Bats in Broad Daylight Still Echolocate.