Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a relatively routine procedure, generally with favorable outcomes. However, among the risks posed to patients is the over- or under-activation of the immune system following the surgery. Understanding how the immune system responds to CPB could dramatically impact postsurgical outcomes.Read about the latest research from Nationwide Children's Hopsital: Balancing Immune Activation and Suppression After Cardiopulmonary Bypass.